Research on Distributed Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces-Assisted Security Communication under Imperfect Channel State Information
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摘要: 针对非完美信道状态信息(CSI)下分布式智能反射面(RIS)安全通信问题，该文构建基于基站波束成形、人工噪声(AN)和RISs相移的联合优化问题，并提出相对应优化方法和1维线性搜索的有效算法来求解所构建的非凸优化方程。仿真结果表明：相对于随机相位、无AN辅助的安全传输策略，所提方法在非完美CSI场景可取得更高的安全传输速率；在总反射单元数目固定情况下，随着分布单元数目越多所提算法优越性越明显；进一步，所提算法具有更强的鲁棒性，即本策略更好适应信道不确定性。Abstract: Considering the secure communication of the distributed Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) under imperfect Channel State Information (CSI), a joint optimization problem of the secrecy rate maximization based on the active beamforming, Artificial Noise(AN), and RISs’ phase shifts is formulated. Then an efficient algorithm based on alternating optimization and 1-Dimensional linear search is proposed to solve the non-convex optimization problem. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the random phase optimization scheme and the secure transmission without AN scheme, the proposed scheme can achieve a higher secrecy rate. The superiority of the proposed scheme over the other transmission schemes becomes more prominent with the increase of the number of distribution units. The proposed scheme has better robustness than the other transmission schemes to the uncertainty of communication channel in our considered network.
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1 AO整体算法流程
输入：迭代次数$ r = 0 $，初始值${{\boldsymbol{W}}^0},{{\boldsymbol{Z}}^0},{{\boldsymbol{\varTheta }}^0} $, $ {\alpha ^0},{\beta ^0} $，容错误差
$\varepsilon \gt 0 $；步骤1 循环执行操作： (1)固定变量${\boldsymbol{W}},{\boldsymbol{Z}},{\boldsymbol{\varTheta }},\beta $，在问题${\text{P}}6 $中对$\alpha $执行一维线性搜索； (2)固定变量$ \Theta ,\alpha $，使用CVX工具箱求解问题${\text{P}}8 $中的参数
${\boldsymbol{W}},{\boldsymbol{Z}},\beta $；(3)固定变量${\boldsymbol{W}},{\boldsymbol{Z}},\alpha ,\beta $，对问题$ {\text{P}}10 $采用PCCP方法获得${\boldsymbol{\varTheta }} $； 直到收敛：$\dfrac{{\left| {\bar R_{\mathrm{s}}^r - \bar R_{\mathrm{s}}^{r - 1}} \right|}}{{R_{\mathrm{s}}^r}} \le \varepsilon $； 输出：参数${\boldsymbol{W}},{\boldsymbol{Z}},{\boldsymbol{\varTheta }},\alpha ,\beta $。 
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表 1 参数设置
参数变量 对应数值 带宽 $ B = 1\;{\mathrm{MHz }}$ 噪声功率谱密度 $ \sigma _k^2 = \sigma _{\rm e}^2 = - 174\;{\mathrm{dBm}}/{\mathrm{Hz}} $ 容错误差 $ \varepsilon = {10^{ - 6}} $ 路径损耗指数 $ {\alpha _{{\mathrm{BI}}}} = {\alpha _{{\mathrm{IRS}}}} = 2.2 $ BS最大发射功率 $ {P_{\max }} = 10\;{\mathrm{dBm}} $ 基站天线数 $ {N_t} = 4 $ 总RIS单元数 $ M = 24 $ CSI不确定程度 $ \delta _{\rm u}^{} = 0.2,\delta _{\rm e}^{} = 0.2 $
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