Resource Rllocation for UAV-assisted D2D Communications with Energy Harvesting
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摘要: 为更好地利用周围环境中的射频信号能量，提升终端直连(D2D)通信的运行时间和无人机(UAV)通信的频谱利用率，该文提出一种基于能量收集的UAV-D2D网络资源分配算法。考虑UAV最大发射功率和移动性约束，蜂窝用户和D2D用户的最小速率约束，建立了系统和速率最大化的多变量耦合资源分配问题。利用连续凸近似和变量替换方法将混合整数非线性规划问题转化为凸优化问题，并利用拉格朗日对偶方法获得闭式解。仿真结果表明，所提算法具有良好的收敛性能，并能够有效提升系统容量。Abstract: In order to utilize better the surrounding radio-frequency energy and improve the operation lifetime of Device-to-Device (D2D) communications as well as the spectrum efficiency of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communication, a resource allocation algorithm is proposed for UAV-D2D networks with energy harvesting. Considering the constraints of the maximum transmit power and the mobility of the UAV, the minimum rate requirements of both cellular users and D2D users, a multivariable coupling resource allocation problem is formulated to maximize the sum rates of both cellular users and D2D users. The mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem is transformed into a convex optimization problem by using the successive convex approximation and variable substitution methods, where the closed-form solutions are obtained by the using Lagrange dual method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has good convergence performance and higher system capacity.
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表 1 基于交替迭代的资源分配算法
初始化系统参数：用户簇个数、用户簇内D2D对数、D2D发射
机功率和UAV轨迹$ {{\mathbf{q}}_n} $；设置迭代收敛精度为$ \varepsilon $，最大迭代次数
$ {L_{\rm max}} $；穷尽搜索$ N $个时隙UAV与用户簇连接情况。(1) 循环； (2) 迭代次数更新$ l = l + 1 $； (3) 通过问题式(18)得到$ {\tau _{k,n}} $和$ p_{k,n}^{\rm C} $； (4) 通过问题式(35)得到$ p_{k,n,m}^{\rm D} $； (5) 通过问题式(47)得到$ {{\mathbf{q}}_n} $； (6) 直到算法满足收敛条件或达到最大迭代次数，即
$ R\left( {l + 1} \right) - R\left( l \right) \le \varepsilon $或$l = {L_{{\rm{max}}} }$。
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